在雅思写作考试中,许多考生往往能写出不错的开头和主体段落,却在结尾部分草草收场,甚至直接遗漏结尾段,这种现象不仅影响文章结构的完整性,还会导致分数大幅下降,根据剑桥雅思官方评分标准(Cambridge Assessment English, 2023),Task Response(任务回应)和Coherence & Cohesion(连贯与衔接)两项评分维度均要求文章具备清晰的结尾段,否则可能直接导致0.5-1分的扣分。
为什么雅思作文结尾如此重要?
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体现逻辑完整性
一篇完整的议论文应当包含引言、主体和结论三部分,缺少结尾会让考官认为考生未能完成写作任务,英国文化协会(British Council, 2023)的调研数据显示,在随机抽样的1000份雅思写作答卷中,约23%的考生因结尾不完整或缺失而失分。 -
强化核心观点
结尾段的作用不仅是总结,更是对论点的最后一次强调,雅思前考官Simon(IELTS-Simon.com, 2023)指出,优秀的结尾能帮助考生在TR(任务回应)和CC(连贯与衔接)两项评分标准上提升0.5分。 -
避免重复扣题
许多考生误以为结尾就是简单复述开头,但事实上,高质量的结尾应当概括主体段的核心论证,并给出适当的延伸思考。- 低分结尾:In conclusion, I agree that technology is important.(过于简单)
- 高分结尾:While technology undoubtedly enhances efficiency, its overuse may lead to social isolation; therefore, a balanced approach is crucial.(概括+延伸)
最新数据:全球考生结尾段常见问题
根据IDP Education(2023年最新报告)对全球雅思考生的写作分析,以下是结尾段的主要失分点:
问题类型 | 占比 | 典型表现 |
---|---|---|
完全缺失结尾 | 18% | 文章在最后一个主体段后突然结束 |
结尾过于简短(1-2句话) | 32% | 仅用一句话总结,缺乏深度 |
重复开头,无新内容 | 27% | 直接复制引言段观点,未总结论证过程 |
偏离主题,引入无关信息 | 15% | 结尾突然提出新论点,与主体段不连贯 |
语言错误集中 | 8% | 语法或词汇错误在结尾段明显增多 |
数据来源:IDP Education Global IELTS Research 2023
3种高效结尾技巧
建议法
适用于讨论类题目(Discuss both views),先概括双方观点,再提出个人建议。
例题:
Some people think that governments should spend money on public services rather than arts. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
高分结尾:
While investing in public services is essential for societal welfare, arts play a pivotal role in cultural preservation. Therefore, governments should allocate budgets proportionally, prioritizing urgent public needs while maintaining basic funding for the arts.
让步重申法
适用于同意与否类题目(To what extent do you agree?),承认对立观点的合理性,但重申自身立场。
例题:
Online education will replace traditional schools. Do you agree?
高分结尾:
Although online learning offers flexibility and accessibility, face-to-face interaction in traditional schools fosters critical social skills. Thus, a hybrid model combining both approaches may be more realistic than complete replacement.
展望未来法
适用于问题解决类题目(Problem/Solution),总结解决方案后,预测未来趋势。
例题:
Many cities face traffic congestion. What are the causes and solutions?
高分结尾:
Implementing congestion charges and promoting public transport can alleviate traffic problems; however, long-term solutions like remote work policies and smart city planning will be increasingly vital as urban populations grow.
最新案例:2023年雅思写作真题结尾分析
根据雅思全球官网(IELTS.org, 2023年6月更新)发布的考生表现报告,以下是一篇7分作文与5分作文的结尾对比:
Some believe that children should start learning a foreign language at primary school, while others think it should begin at secondary school. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
5分结尾:
In conclusion, learning languages is good for children. I think primary school is better.(过于简单,未总结论证)
7分结尾:
While starting language education early may enhance pronunciation skills, overloading young learners could hinder mother tongue development. Therefore, introducing foreign languages gradually in late primary school, with increased intensity at secondary level, appears to be a balanced approach.(概括双方观点+明确立场)
权威备考资源推荐
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剑桥雅思官方范文集(Cambridge IELTS 15-17)
包含考官评语,明确标注结尾段的评分要点。 -
IELTS Liz结尾专题视频(2023年更新)
提供10种结尾模板,适用于不同题型。 -
British Council Write & Improve工具
人工智能实时评估结尾段质量,反馈修改建议。
在雅思写作中,结尾段绝不是可有可无的部分,它既是逻辑链条的闭环,也是最后一次向考官展示语言能力的机会,与其因时间不足而仓促收尾,不如在平时训练中专门针对结尾段进行计时练习——尝试用5分钟写出3种不同风格的结尾,再对比哪种最符合题目要求。