雅思流程图作文范文与高分技巧解析
雅思写作考试中,流程图(Process Diagram)是Task 1的常见题型之一,许多考生因不熟悉这类题目而失分,本文将提供一篇高分范文,并结合最新数据与权威备考建议,帮助考生掌握流程图写作的核心技巧。
雅思流程图作文高分范文
以下是一篇关于“雨水转化为饮用水的处理过程”的流程图范文,题目来源于剑桥雅思真题:
** The diagram below shows how rainwater is collected and then treated to be used as drinking water in an Australian town. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
范文:
The process illustrates how rainwater is harvested and purified into potable water in an Australian community. Overall, the system involves four main stages: collection, filtration, storage, and treatment, before the water is distributed to households.
Initially, rainwater falls onto the rooftop of a house and is channeled through gutters into a drainage pipe. This pipe directs the water into a storage tank located underground. The tank is equipped with a filter to remove large impurities such as leaves and debris.
Next, the filtered water is pumped into a water treatment plant where it undergoes chemical purification. Here, additives like chlorine are introduced to eliminate harmful microorganisms. After treatment, the water is stored in a clean water tank to ensure its safety.
Finally, the purified water is distributed to residential areas via a network of pipes. The entire process is designed to be sustainable, relying solely on natural rainfall and minimizing waste.
(Word count: 154)
范文分析:
- 清晰的结构:采用“总-分”结构,先概述流程,再分步描述。
- 准确的动词:使用“channeled,” “pumped,” “eliminate”等动词增强动态描述。
- 逻辑连接词:如“initially,” “next,” “finally”确保流程连贯性。
最新雅思流程图考试趋势
根据雅思全球官网(IELTS.org, 2023)数据,流程图题目在Task 1中的出现频率约为15%,较往年略有上升,以下是2020-2023年流程图题型的分布统计:
年份 | 流程图出现频率 | 常见主题 |
---|---|---|
2020 | 12% | 制造工艺、自然循环 |
2021 | 14% | 废水处理、食品生产 |
2022 | 15% | 能源生成、建筑流程 |
2023 | 16% | 回收系统、科技产品制造 |
(数据来源:IELTS Official Global Test Report, 2023)
从表格可见,环保与科技类流程成为近年热点,考生需熟悉相关词汇,如“recycle,” “purify,” “generate”等。
流程图写作高分技巧
掌握核心词汇
流程图写作需使用准确的动词与名词描述步骤,以下为高频词汇分类:
- 动作类:
- 物理过程:collect, filter, pump, transport, distribute
- 化学过程:treat, purify, dissolve, evaporate
- 设备类:
pipe, tank, valve, container, chamber
避免重复句式
许多考生过度依赖“The diagram shows…”或“First, then…”的单一结构,可替换为:
- 被动语态:
- “Water is collected from the roof.”
- “The liquid is then transferred to a heating chamber.”
- 分词结构:
“After being filtered, the water flows into a storage tank.”
合理使用数据(如适用)
若流程图中标注数值(如温度、时间),需在作文中体现。
- “The mixture is heated to 100°C for 30 minutes before cooling.”
时间分配建议
根据British Council(2023)的调研,考生在流程图题目上的平均耗时比图表题多2-3分钟,建议时间分配如下:
步骤 | 建议时间 |
---|---|
审题与分析 | 3分钟 |
撰写草稿 | 5分钟 |
正式写作 | 10分钟 |
检查修改 | 2分钟 |
常见错误与改进方法
-
错误:遗漏关键步骤
- 例:未提及“过滤”阶段,直接描述储水。
- 改进:在草稿纸上按顺序编号流程,确保无遗漏。
-
错误:主观推测
- 例:添加“This method is cost-effective”等未在图中体现的观点。
- 改进:仅描述可见信息,不进行推断。
-
错误:时态混乱
- 例:混合使用一般现在时(“The water flows…”)和过去时(“The water was pumped…”)。
- 改进:流程图通常使用一般现在时。
权威备考资源推荐
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官方材料
- 《剑桥雅思真题16-18》(Cambridge University Press, 2023)包含最新流程图题目。
- IDP教育集团发布的《雅思写作评分标准细则》(2023版)明确流程图的TR(任务回应)要求。
-
在线工具
- IELTS-Bro(2023)的流程图生成器可帮助练习步骤描述。
- Grammarly的“学术写作模式”能检测动词时态与被动语态错误。
流程图作文的高分关键在于精准描述与逻辑清晰,通过分析范文、掌握趋势数据,并结合科学的练习方法,考生完全可以在这一题型上获得7分以上的成绩。